VPS

Running your own VPN on a VPS gives you a private, dedicated exit IP that no commercial VPN shares. The two protocols worth considering are WireGuard and OpenVPN. WireGuard is a modern, minimal protocol built for speed; OpenVPN is the mature, endlessly configurable veteran. Here is how they compare when you host them yourself. WireGuard vs OpenVPN at a glance FeatureWireGuardOpenVPN Codebase sizeAbout 4,000 line...

Debian 12 "Bookworm" and Ubuntu 24.04 LTS "Noble Numbat" are the two most popular Linux choices for a VPS. They are closely related - Ubuntu is built on Debian and both use the APT package manager and systemd - so the real question is not "which is better" but "which trade-off fits your server": Debian's conservative stability, or Ubuntu's newer packages and commercial support. Debian 12 vs Ubuntu 24.04 LTS at a...

AlmaLinux and Rocky Linux are the two leading free replacements for CentOS. Both appeared in 2021 after Red Hat moved CentOS to the rolling CentOS Stream, and both are free, enterprise-grade, RHEL-compatible rebuilds with 10 years of support. For a VPS they behave almost identically - the real differences are who backs each project and how closely each one tracks Red Hat Enterprise Linux. AlmaLinux vs Rocky Linu...

Adding a second IP address on Red Hat, CentOS, AlmaLinux, or Rocky Linux may differ from Debian as it often involves using different tools for network configuration. On Red Hat-based systems, the nmcli tool is commonly used, or editing configuration files. Below are the steps for adding a second IP address using nmcli. Check for the Existence of a Network Interface Use the following command to check existing net...

Adding a second IP address on Debian with Netplan involves editing the Netplan configuration file. Here are the steps for this process: Check for the Existence of a Network Interface Ensure that you have a network interface installed, such as eth0. You can check this using the following command: ifconfig Look for the line corresponding to your network interface. Backup the Netplan Configuration File It's a good ...

Adding a second IP address on Debian can be achieved by configuring the network interface. Below are the steps for this process: Check for the Existence of a Network Interface Ensure that you have a network interface installed, such as eth0. You can check this using the following command: ifconfig Look for the line corresponding to your network interface. Backup the Network Interface Configuration It's convenien...

Step 1. Downloading PuTTY and PuTTYgen To download, visit the official website. You can download the installer package in MSI (Windows Installer) format, which includes both PuTTY and PuTTYgen, or download them separately without the installer. If you downloaded the PuTTY installer in MSI format, run it and follow the instructions displayed in the wizard. Step 2. Generating Key Pair with PuTTY Key Generator (PuT...

Qemu-Guest-Agent is a helper daemon that is installed on the guest system. It is used to exchange information between the host system and the guest, allowing some commands to be executed on the guest system. Commonly used commands include: shutdown/reboot the guest system without relying on ACPI commands or Windows policies changing the password of the root user re-installation guest OS freezing the guest system...

To disable the network configuration in Cloud-Init, you need to create a file /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-custom-networking.cfg and add the contents of network: {config: disabled} To do this, you can execute the command $ sudo echo "network: {config: disabled}" > /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-custom-networking.cfg

In some OSes, by default it is forbidden for the root user to log in using a password; to change this, you need to edit the configuration file of the SSH daemon through the local console. Namely, check the configuration files in the directory /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/*.conf and replace PermitRootLogin no with PermitRootLogin yes and PasswordAuthentication no with PasswordAuthentication yes If this directory is emp...